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By Chris Jones, Edwards Vacuum, Semiconductor Digest, October 2022

"The energy-hungry nature and large carbon footprint of semiconductor manufacturing have received considerable attention in the context of reducing our emissions of planet-warming greenhouse gases. It turns out we are just as thirsty as we are hungry. 

Our industry consumes copious amounts of water, as much as 264 billion gallons per year, a resource likely to become more scarce in a changing climate. An individual fab can use tens of millions of gallons of water per day. 

To put this into perspective, average water usage in the U.S. is about 82 gallons (310 liters) per person per day, making 10 million gallons equivalent to the daily household water consumption of a small city (population 122,000)."